New employment findings from the National Association for Law Placement (NALP) show that Black and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander graduates were employed in bar passage required jobs at rates 15 and 23 percentage points, respectively, below that of white graduates. The employment rate for Native Hawaiian graduates was also 12 percentage points lower as compared to white graduates. Of employed graduates, Black, Native American, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander graduates were the least likely to be employed in private practice. These findings are part of NALP’s Jobs & JDs, Employment and Salaries of New Graduates, Class of 2021
Disparities also existed between graduates who were first-generation college students (students who do not have a parent/guardian with a bachelor’s degree or higher degree) and graduates who were continuing-generation JD students (students with at least one parent/guardian with a JD degree). The employment rate in bar passage required jobs was 10 percentage points higher for continuing-generation JD students and they were more likely to be employed in private practice and judicial clerkships as compared to first-generation college students.
Highlights Based on Graduate Demographics:
- Disparities in employment outcomes by race/ethnicity persisted this year. White/Caucasian graduates had the highest employment rate (93.1%), while Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander graduates had the lowest employment rate (81.1%), followed by Black or African American, and Native American or Alaska Native graduates (both at 88.6%). White/Caucasian graduates also had the highest level of employment in bar passage required/anticipated jobs (81.0%), while the rate was more than 15 percentage points lower for Black graduates (65.9%), and nearly 23 percentage points lower for Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander graduates (58.5%).
- The percentage of employed graduates within private practice was lowest for Native American or Alaska Native (43.6%), Black or African American (45.9%), and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (48.8%) graduates, and highest for Asian graduates (63.6%).
- Median starting salaries for employed graduates by race/ethnicity ranged from $70,000 for Native American or Alaska graduates to $125,000 for Asian graduates. The higher median salary for Asian graduates can be attributed to greater levels of employment in private practice.
- By gender, women had the highest employment rate (92.4%), but men had a higher median salary ($80,000) than both women ($75,000) and gender non-binary graduates ($66,726).
- Employed gender non-binary graduates were more than three times as likely to take a job in public interest as compared to employed graduates overall (29.3% vs. 8.7%). Employed LGBTQ graduates were more than twice as likely to be employed in public interest positions as compared to graduates overall (17.9% vs. 8.7%).
- The employment rate was more than 3 percentage points higher (94.9% vs. 91.7%) and the rate of employment in bar passage required/anticipated jobs was 10 points greater (86.3% vs. 76.3%) for continuing-generation JD students in comparison to first-generation college students.
- Employed continuing-generation JD students were more likely to secure jobs in private practice (62.8%) and judicial clerkships (12.8%) as compared to first-generation college students (56.1% and 8.3%, respectively).
- Continuing-generation JD students were employed in federal clerkships (6.3% of employed graduates) at almost 3 times the rate of first-generation college students (2.4% of employed graduates).
- Graduates with disabilities had a lower overall employment rate (85.8%), as well as a lower percentage of graduates employed in bar passage required/anticipated jobs at 69.2%.
Reuters, Report Finds 'Huge Gaps' in New U.S. Lawyer Employment by Race
